¾à·Â
Stuart Stamp ¹Ú»ç´Â µ¶¸³ »çȸÇÐ ¿¬±¸ÀÚÀÌÀÚ Maynooth University ÀÀ¿ë»çȸÇаú
¿¬±¸¿øÀ¸·Î ÀçÁ÷ ÁßÀÌ´Ù. ºÒ°øÁ¤ µî ÀαÇÀû Ãø¸é¿¡¼ÀÇ °³ÀÎ °ú´ÙºÎä¿Í ±ÝÀ¶¼Ò¿Ü¸¦ Àü¹®ÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í
ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå¿Í ¿µ±¹ ³» °³ÀÎ °ú´Ù乫ÀÚ Áö¿ø ¼ºñ½º ±¸Ãà°ú »ç·ÊÁ¶»ç, Á¶À², Áö¿ø/¿ª·®±³À° µî¿¡
Âü¿©ÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù ÁßÁ¡ ¿¬±¸ ºÐ¾ß´Â À̵é À̽´ °ü·Ã ¿¬±¸ ¹× Á¤Ã¥ºÐ¼®À¸·Î, Combat
Poverty Agency, Citizens Information Board, Money Advice
and Budgeting Services (MABS), Dublin Region Homeless
Executive, Free Legal Advice Centres (FLAC) µî °³Àνſëȸº¹ ±â°üÀÇ
¿¬±¸º¸°í¼¸¦ ´Üµ¶ ¹× °øµ¿ ÁýÇÊÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù. ´õºÒ¾î, °³Àνſëȸº¹ °ü·Ã ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå ¹× ±¹Á¦ ÄÁÆÛ·±½º,
¿¬±¸ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®, Çмú³í¹® ¹× Àú¼ ÁýÇÊ, Á¤Ã¥ÀÚ¹® È°µ¿À» Àû±Ø ÆîÄ¡°í ÀÖ´Ù.
±×´Â ¹ýÇÐ ÇÐÀ§, ¼ÒºñÀÚ ºÎ¹® ÁØÇлç ÇÐÀ§, Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ¹× ¹®ÈÇÐ ¼®»çÇÐÀ§, ÀÀ¿ë»çȸÇÐ ¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§
º¸À¯ÀÚ·Î, ÇöÀç Maynooth University »çȸ°úÇаúÁ¤ ÇÐ»ç °ÀǸ¦ ´ã´ç ÁßÀ̸ç Ulster
University MABS Á÷¿ø ´ë»ó °³ÀÎÀ繫°ü¸® °í±Þ ÁØÇÐ»ç °úÁ¤ °ÀǸ¦ ´Ù ³â°£ ÁøÇàÇÑ ¹Ù ÀÖ´Ù.
ÇöÀç À¯·´ °³ÀÎ乫 ³×Æ®¿öÅ©(European Consumer Debt Network, ECDN), À¯·´
ºñÁ¤ºÎ ±â°ü Finance Watch, Financial Inclusion EuropeÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î È°µ¿
ÁßÀÌ´Ù.
Dr. Stuart Stamp is an Independent Social Researcher and
Research Associate of the Department of Applied Social
Studies at Maynooth University. His main areas of
interest are personal over-indebtedness and financial
exclusion from an inequality and human rights
perspective. He has helped to establish services in both
Ireland and the UK to assist people who are
over-indebted, and has worked in casework, co-ordination
and support/training capacities.
In
recent years, Stuart has focused more on research and
policy analysis on these topics. He has
authored/co-authored studies for the Combat Poverty
Agency, Citizens Information Board, Money Advice and
Budgeting Services (MABS), Dublin Region Homeless
Executive, and for the Free Legal Advice Centres (FLAC);
he has further contributed to a number of national and
international conferences, research projects, academic
resources and policy consultations on personal debt
issues.
Stuart holds a Law degree, a
Diploma in Consumer Affairs, an MA in Communication and
Cultural Studies and a PhD in Applied Social Studies. He
lectures on the BA. Social Science programme at Maynooth
University and tutored for many years on the Advanced
Diploma in Money Advice Practice for MABS staff at Ulster
University. He is a member of the European Consumer Debt
Network (ECDN), Finance Watch (a European
Non-Governmental Organisation) and Financial Inclusion
Europe.
¹ßÇ¥¿ä¾à
º» ¹ßÇ¥¿¡¼´Â ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå, ¿µ±¹, ÇÁ¶û½º, µ¶ÀÏ µî À¯·´ 4°³±¹ÀÇ À繫»ó´ã, 乫»ó´ã, 乫°ü¸® ¸ðµ¨À»
ºñ±³ ´ëÁ¶ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿© ¾òÀº ¸ð¹ü»ç·Ê¿Í ±³ÈÆÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÑ´Ù. À繫»ó´ã°ú 乫»ó´ãÀº ÀÌµé ±¹°¡°¡ °øÅëÀûÀ¸·Î
Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÇÙ½ÉÁö¿ø ¼ºñ½ºÀÌÁö¸¸, À繫»ó´ãÀ̶ó´Â ¿ë¾î´Â °ú´Ù乫ÀÚ »ó´ãÀ¸·Î ºñÃçÁú ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ¾î º¸´Ù
±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¿ë¾îÀÎ ¡°±ÝÀ¶»ó´ã¡±ÀÌ ¼±È£µÇ´Â ÆíÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ µÎ »ó´ã ºÎºÐÀº ±âº»¿øÄ¢, »ó´ã½Ç¹« Á¢±Ù¹ý ¹× ÀýÂ÷
¸é¿¡¼ ´ëµ¿¼ÒÀÌ Çϳª, »ó´ã ±¸Á¶, Àç¿ø¸¶·Ã ¹× Á¤Ã¥Á¶Á¤ µîÀÇ ¸é¿¡¼´Â ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀδÙ.
½Å±Ô ¿¬±¸±×·ì¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ±ÝÀ¶»ó´ã ¼ºñ½º´Â °³ÀÎ/°¡°è ¹× »çȸÀû Â÷¿ø¿¡¼ »ó´çÇÑ
ÆıÞÈ¿°ú¸¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖÀ½¿¡µµ »çȸ°æÁ¦Àû ±âÀú À̽´·Î ÀÎÇØ ±× È¿°ú¿¡ ÇÑ°è°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡,
±ÝÀ¶»ó´ã ¼ºñ½º´Â ÀαÇ, ¿ª·®°È, ÆòµîÀ̶ó´Â ±âº» ¿øÄ¢°ú ÀýÂ÷¿¡ ÀÔ°¢ÇÏ¿© ä±ÇÀÚ°¡ ±â¿©ÇÏ°í, ±¹°¡Á¤Ã¥
ÁÖµµÇüÀÇ ¹ýÁ¦ÈµÈ Áö¿ªÁßÁ¡ °ø°ø ¼ºñ½º ÇüÅ·ΠÁ¦°øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ±ÇÀåµÈ´Ù. ¿µÇâÆò°¡ ¿ª½Ã »çÀü ¼³°èµÇ¾î Çʼö
ÁøÇàµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. 乫°ü¸®/°³ÀÎȸ»ý ½Ã½ºÅÛ ºÎ¹®°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿© ¸ñÀû, Á¢±Ù¼º, ÀýÂ÷, ÁöºÒÀ¯¿¹, Çʼö
»ýÈ°ºñ, º¯Á¦ µî À̷בּ¸¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ¸ð¹ü»ç·Ê ¿øÄ¢µéÀÌ Áö¼Ó µµÃâµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ºÒº¹Ã»±¸ ±ÇÇÑ ÇÏ¿¡ ä±ÇÀÚ
ÇÕÀǸ¦ ºÎ°úÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±â°ü ¼³¸³µµ ±ÇÀåµÇ´Â ¹ÙÀÌ´Ù. ¼ÒµæÀ̳ª ÀÚ»êÀÌ Á¦ÇÑÀûÀ̰ųª 乫º¯Á¦¸¦ °¨´çÇϱâ
¾î·Á¿î ä±ÇÀÚ¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÁßÁ¡Áö¿ø¾ÈÀ» Á¦°øÇØ ºó°ïÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ÆÄ»êÀ» ¹æÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±ÝÀ¶»ó´ã°ú 乫»ó´ãÀÇ °ü°è´Â ÀüÀÚ°¡ ÈÄÀÚ¸¦ º¸¿Ï¡¤Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ÇüÅ·ΠÁ¦°øµÇ¾î ÀÌ¿ëÀÚ
ÀÔÀåÀ» °øÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ´ëº¯ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼ºñ½º ¿µ¿ªÀÌ º¸ÀåµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. À̸¦ ÅëÇØ ¹ýÁ¦Àû ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ¿øÄ¡
¾Ê´Â À̵éÀº ÀÚ¹ßÀû ´ë¾ÈÀ» ¸ð»öÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̸ç 乫ÀÚ°¡ °Þ´Â ÈûÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüµµ ÇؼÒÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀ» µÉ
°ÍÀÌ´Ù.
My presentation focuses on lessons and good practices
that can be learned from comparing and contrasting
differing models of provision of financial advice, debt
counselling and debt management in four European
countries, namely: Ireland, the United Kingdom, France
and Germany.
Both financial advice and
debt counselling are commonly core elements of service
delivery, but the former is less likely to be used
discretely, primarily in light of the consequences of
over-indebtedness; hence the over-arching term ¡°money
advice¡± is preferred. There is further common ground in
terms of founding principles, practitioner approach and
processes, but noticeable differences in terms of
structure, funding and co-ordination. An emerging body of
research suggests that money advice services have
considerable impacts, both at individual/household and
societal levels, but that these tend to be militated by
underlying socio-economic issues. A publicly provided,
creditor-contributory, nationally co-ordinated,
community-focused, statutory-based structure is
recommended, based on principles and processes which
espouse human rights, empowerment and equality. Impact
evaluation should be "designed-in".
As
regards debt management/personal insolvency systems, a
series of good practice principles emerge from the work
of theorists covering aims, access, process, moratoria,
essential living expenses, and debt discharge. A body
able to impose settlements on creditors, subject to a
right of appeal into the courts, is recommended. For
those debtors with limited/no surplus income and assets,
targeted options are appropriate to ensure that no one is
too poor to become insolvent.
As to
the relationship between ¡°money advice¡± services and
¡°debt management¡± systems, the work of the former should
inform, compliment and support that of the latter, while
allowing space for services to advocate independently on
behalf of clients. Such a role ensures that a voluntary
alternative is pursuable by those wishing to avoid a
statutory procedure, and helps to address the power
imbalance experienced by debtors.